We are all presented with numerous demands on a daily basis; many we are easily able to meet, others we would rather avoid. This is a natural human behaviour.
From being asked to complete a task at work and fulfilling our responsibilities at home, to following instructions or rotas and adhering to societal expectations, we are usually able to manage the demands that are made of us. Some demands are external, while others are internal and relate to things we actually want to do, like seeing friends.
While demands are an integral, unavoidable part of everyday life, for some children, young people and adults, demands of any kind can instigate overwhelming feelings of anxiety, distress and panic.
What is demand avoidance?
Demand avoidance describes a situation where an individual finds it difficult, or in some cases impossible, to meet the demands made of them, and, as a result, may engage in a range of anxious behaviours.
The degree of distress experienced by individuals can vary significantly depending on the nature of the demand, and the emotional state of the child, young person or adult.
While anyone can find it difficult when they feel demands are put on them, some autistic people may find perceived demands particularly difficult as they can cause feelings of anxiety and sensory overwhelm, involve transitioning to other activities, or disrupt well-established routines.
What about PDA?
In recent years, the term ‘pathological demand avoidance’ (PDA) has become more frequently used in services, although it remains a contentious term for many. There is no formal diagnosis for PDA, and more research is needed.
While some practitioners use PDA as a ‘catch-all’ term to describe demand avoidant behaviour, others may refer to someone as having a ‘demand-avoidant profile’.
Listen to our podcast about PDA and demand avoidance.
Behaviours associated with demand avoidance
Demand avoidance is sometimes misunderstood as a deliberate choice. Outwardly, it can appear to be intentional. Sometimes we can inadvertently add more pressure, increasing an individual’s anxiety.
When an individual is struggling with a demand that is being made of them, their response can vary widely in intensity.
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